The age of independence 1775–1826

American independence, the Haitian Revolution and the Latin American wars of independence.

Map of the Americas in 1800, during the The age of independence — Border map for 1800. See the world in 1800.

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Border maps in this era

Timeline

Year	Event	Where
1775	Lexington and Concord: the American War of Independence begins	Battle of Lexington and Concord
1776	The Declaration of Independence	Philadelphia
1781	Siege of Yorktown	Battle of Yorktown
1804	Haiti becomes independent
1808	The Portuguese court moves to Rio	Rio de Janeiro
1810	The Mexican War of Independence begins
1819	Battle of Boyacá	Battle of Boyacá
1822	Brazil becomes independent	Rio de Janeiro
1824	Battle of Ayacucho	Battle of Ayacucho

Battles and sites

← The colonial era Nation-building and westward expansion →

Notable people of the age of independence

Lived	Person
1706 – 1790	Benjamin Franklin	Scientist and statesman
1732 – 1799	George Washington	First president of the United States
1743 – 1826	Thomas Jefferson	Third president of the United States
1746 – 1792	Tiradentes	Forerunner of Brazilian independence
1778 – 1850	José de San Martín	Leader of South American independence
1783 – 1830	Simón Bolívar	Liberator of South America
1806 – 1872	Benito Juárez	President of Mexico
1809 – 1865	Abraham Lincoln	Sixteenth president of the United States
1825 – 1891	Pedro II of Brazil	Emperor of Brazil

Last updated 9 November 2026. Sources: border data from historical-basemaps, land and rivers from Natural Earth; texts written for Chronica Maps from standard reference works. How we make the maps.