Historic Cities of Europe
76 cities with their former names, timelines of key events and every state that ruled them.
| City | Earliest name on record | From |
|---|---|---|
| Aachen | Aquae Granni | AD 100 |
| Alexandria | Alexandreia | 331 BC |
| Amsterdam | Amstelredam | 1275 |
| Ankara | Ancyra | 25 BC |
| Antioch | Antiocheia | 300 BC |
| Athens | Athenai | 1000 BC |
| Baku | Baku | AD 500 |
| Barcelona | Barcino | 15 BC |
| Belgrade | Singidunum | 279 BC |
| Bergen | Bjørgvin | 1070 |
| Berlin | Cölln / Berlin | 1237 |
| Brussels | Bruocsella | AD 979 |
| Bucharest | București | 1459 |
| Budapest | Aquincum | AD 89 |
| Bursa | Prusa | 200 BC |
| Carthage | Qart-ḥadasht | 814 BC |
| Cologne | Colonia Agrippina | AD 50 |
| Copenhagen | Havn / København | 1043 |
| Córdoba | Corduba | 169 BC |
| Dublin | Dyflin | AD 841 |
| Edirne | Hadrianopolis | AD 125 |
| Florence | Florentia | 59 BC |
| Gdańsk | Gyddanyzc | AD 997 |
| Geneva | Genava | 120 BC |
| Granada | Gharnāṭa | 1013 |
| Helsinki | Helsingfors / Helsinki | 1550 |
| Istanbul | Byzantion | 667 BC |
| İzmir | Smyrna | 1000 BC |
| İznik | Nicaea | 300 BC |
| Jerusalem | Yerushalayim | 1000 BC |
| Kazan | Qazan | 1005 |
| Königsberg | Königsberg | 1255 |
| Konya | Iconium | 300 BC |
| Kraków | Kraków | AD 965 |
| Kyiv | Kyiv | AD 482 |
| Lisbon | Olisipo | 138 BC |
| London | Londinium | AD 47 |
| Lviv | Lviv / Lwów / Lemberg | 1256 |
| Lyon | Lugdunum | 43 BC |
| Madrid | Majrīṭ | AD 865 |
| Marseille | Massalia | 600 BC |
| Milan | Mediolanum | 222 BC |
| Moscow | Moskva | 1147 |
| Naples | Neapolis | 600 BC |
| Novgorod | Novgorod | AD 859 |
| Odesa | Odessa | 1794 |
| Oslo | Ánslo | 1048 |
| Paris | Lutetia | 250 BC |
| Prague | Praha | AD 880 |
| Ravenna | Ravenna | 200 BC |
| Reykjavík | Reykjavík | AD 874 |
| Riga | Riga | 1201 |
| Rome | Roma | 753 BC |
| Sarai | Saray | 1250 |
| Sevastopol | Chersonesos | 422 BC |
| Seville | Hispalis | 200 BC |
| Sofia | Serdica | AD 46 |
| St Petersburg | Sankt-Peterburg | 1703 |
| Stockholm | Stockholm | 1252 |
| Strasbourg | Argentoratum | 12 BC |
| Syracuse | Syrakousai | 734 BC |
| Tallinn | Kolyvan / Tallinn | 1154 |
| Tbilisi | Tbilisi | AD 479 |
| Thessaloniki | Thessalonike | 315 BC |
| Toledo | Toletum | 192 BC |
| Trabzon | Trapezous | 756 BC |
| Trier | Augusta Treverorum · | 16 BC |
| Trondheim | Nidaros | AD 997 |
| Turku | Åbo / Turku | 1229 |
| Uppsala | Uppsala | AD 500 |
| Venice | Venetia | AD 697 |
| Vienna | Vindobona | 15 BC |
| Vilnius | Vilnius / Wilno | 1323 |
| Visby | Visby | AD 900 |
| Warsaw | Warszawa | 1300 |
| York | Eboracum | AD 71 |