Europe around the year 1000: Europe in AD 900 and 1000
Between AD 900 and 1000, 25 states appear on the map of Europe and 20 disappear. Among those that vanish: Aghlabid Emirate, Idrisid Caliphate, Emirate of Córdoba. New on the map: Buwayhid Emirates, Fatimid Caliphate, Pechenegs. Khazars loses the most territory.
Open 1000 in the interactive map
States that disappeared
| State | Area in AD 900 |
|---|---|
| Aghlabid Emirate | 620,000 km² |
| Idrisid Caliphate | 580,000 km² |
| Emirate of Córdoba | 490,000 km² |
| East Francia | 440,000 km² |
| Carolingian Empire | 410,000 km² |
| West Francia | 400,000 km² |
| Avars | 230,000 km² |
| Kingdom of Norway | 220,000 km² |
| Bulgars | 170,000 km² |
| Great Moravia | 160,000 km² |
| Croatian kingdom | 110,000 km² |
| Swedes and Goths | 100,000 km² |
New states on the map
| State | Area in 1000 |
|---|---|
| Buwayhid Emirates | 2.07 million km² |
| Fatimid Caliphate | 1.82 million km² |
| Pechenegs | 1.37 million km² |
| Caliphate of Córdoba | 720,000 km² |
| Holy Roman Empire | 700,000 km² |
| Kingdom of France | 490,000 km² |
| Bulgar Khanate | 370,000 km² |
| Poland | 330,000 km² |
| Sweden | 180,000 km² |
| Armenia | 150,000 km² |
| England | 110,000 km² |
| León | 110,000 km² |
States that grew or shrank
| State | Change in area |
|---|---|
| Khazars | −1.86 million km² |
| Kievan Rus' | +400,000 km² |
| Volga Bulgars | +340,000 km² |
| Magyars | +170,000 km² |
| Byzantine Empire | +100,000 km² |
| Celtic kingdoms | +80,000 km² |
| Serbia | −30,000 km² |
What happened in between
| Year | Event | Where |
|---|---|---|
| AD 930 | First Althing in Iceland | Þingvellir |
| AD 955 | Battle of Lechfeld | Battle of Lechfeld |
| AD 962 | Otto I crowned; the Holy Roman Empire begins | Rome |
| AD 988 | Christianisation of Rus' | Kyiv |
Battles of the period
- Þingvellir · AD 930
- Battle of Lechfeld · AD 955
Questions
How did the map of Europe change between AD 900 and 1000?
Between AD 900 and 1000, 25 states appear on the map of Europe and 20 disappear. Among those that vanish: Aghlabid Emirate, Idrisid Caliphate, Emirate of Córdoba. New on the map: Buwayhid Emirates, Fatimid Caliphate, Pechenegs. Khazars loses the most territory.
Which states disappeared from the map of Europe between AD 900 and 1000?
Aghlabid Emirate, Idrisid Caliphate, Emirate of Córdoba, East Francia, Carolingian Empire, West Francia, Avars, Kingdom of Norway, Bulgars, Great Moravia.
Which new states appeared between AD 900 and 1000?
Buwayhid Emirates, Fatimid Caliphate, Pechenegs, Caliphate of Córdoba, Holy Roman Empire, Kingdom of France, Bulgar Khanate, Poland, Sweden, Armenia.
Borders are drawn from the nearest available maps and are approximate.
Last updated 10 November 2026. Sources: border data from historical-basemaps, land and rivers from Natural Earth; texts written for Chronica Maps from standard reference works. How we make the maps.