Galileo Galilei
Used the telescope to find Jupiter’s moons and the phases of Venus in support of Copernicus; tried by the Inquisition in Rome in 1633, he spent his last years under house arrest near Florence.
PisaSee the world of Galileo Galilei in the interactive map
Who ruled these places in his lifetime
| Place | At birth (map of 1500) | At death (map of 1600) |
|---|---|---|
| Pisa | Holy Roman Empire | Florence |
| Florence | Holy Roman Empire | Florence |
| Rome | Papal States | same |
From the border maps nearest to each date; borders are approximate.
Battles and sites of the time
- Battle of Lepanto · 1571
- Battle of Gravelines · 1588
- Battle of the White Mountain · 1620
- Battle of Lützen · 1632
Further reading
Contemporaries
| Lived | Person | |
|---|---|---|
| 1577 – 1640 | Peter Paul Rubens | Painter |
| c. 1574 – 1635 | Samuel de Champlain | Explorer |
| c. 1583 – 1663 | Queen Nzinga | Queen of Ndongo and Matamba |
| 1571 – 1629 | Shah Abbas I | Safavid shah |
| 1543 – 1616 | Tokugawa Ieyasu | First Tokugawa shogun |
| 1547 – 1616 | Miguel de Cervantes | Writer |
| 1564 – 1616 | William Shakespeare | Playwright and poet |
| 1592 – 1666 | Shah Jahan | Mughal emperor |
| 1552 – 1610 | Matteo Ricci | Jesuit missionary |
| 1596 – 1650 | René Descartes | Philosopher and mathematician |
Last updated 9 November 2026. Sources: border data from historical-basemaps, land and rivers from Natural Earth; texts written for Chronica Maps from standard reference works. How we make the maps.