The Largest States in the World in 100 BC
On the world border map for 100 BC, the largest state was Xiongnu, with about 3.24 million km² — some 2% of the world's land. It was followed by Kushan Empire and Han Empire.
The 20 largest states in 100 BC
| Rank | State | Area | Share of world land | Rank in 200 BC |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Xiongnu | 3.24 million km² | 2.2% | 1 |
| 2 | Kushan Empire | 2.79 million km² | 1.9% | new |
| 3 | Han Empire | 2.64 million km² | 1.8% | 4 |
| 4 | Mauryan Empire | 1.73 million km² | 1.2% | 2 |
| 5 | Seleucid Kingdom | 1.59 million km² | 1.1% | 6 |
| 6 | Roman Republic | 1.23 million km² | 0.8% | new |
| 7 | Hopewell Culture | 780,000 km² | 0.5% | new |
| 8 | Zhangzhung Kingdom | 660,000 km² | 0.4% | 9 |
| 9 | Ptolemaic Kingdom | 610,000 km² | 0.4% | 10 |
| 10 | Meroe | 580,000 km² | 0.4% | 11 |
| 11 | Parthia | 470,000 km² | 0.3% | 13 |
| 12 | Maya chiefdoms and states | 360,000 km² | 0.2% | 15 |
| 13 | Numidia | 330,000 km² | 0.2% | new |
| 14 | Mauretania | 280,000 km² | 0.2% | 19 |
| 15 | Qataban | 250,000 km² | 0.2% | 18 |
| 16 | Dacians | 250,000 km² | 0.2% | new |
| 17 | Maan | 220,000 km² | 0.1% | – |
| 18 | Nan-Yue | 190,000 km² | 0.1% | – |
| 19 | Min-Yue | 190,000 km² | 0.1% | 17 |
| 20 | Nabatean Kingdom | 180,000 km² | 0.1% | – |
Areas are measured from the border polygons of the map and are approximate; claimed areas, tributaries and unorganised land are not included.
Largest states by region
Europe
| Rank | State | Area |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Seleucid Kingdom | 1.59 million km² |
| 2 | Roman Republic | 1.23 million km² |
| 3 | Numidia | 330,000 km² |
| 4 | Mauretania | 280,000 km² |
| 5 | Dacians | 250,000 km² |
Asia
| Rank | State | Area |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Xiongnu | 3.24 million km² |
| 2 | Kushan Empire | 2.79 million km² |
| 3 | Han Empire | 2.64 million km² |
| 4 | Mauryan Empire | 1.73 million km² |
| 5 | Zhangzhung Kingdom | 660,000 km² |
Africa
| Rank | State | Area |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ptolemaic Kingdom | 610,000 km² |
| 2 | Meroe | 580,000 km² |
| 3 | Qataban | 250,000 km² |
| 4 | Maan | 220,000 km² |
| 5 | Nabatean Kingdom | 180,000 km² |
Americas
| Rank | State | Area |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hopewell Culture | 780,000 km² |
| 2 | Maya chiefdoms and states | 360,000 km² |
| 3 | Chavin | 80,000 km² |
| 4 | Monte Albán | 60,000 km² |
| 5 | Nazca | 40,000 km² |
Questions
What was the largest country in the world in 100 BC?
Xiongnu, with about 3.24 million km², on the border map for 100 BC.
What were the five largest states in 100 BC?
1. Xiongnu (3.24 million km²); 2. Kushan Empire (2.79 million km²); 3. Han Empire (2.64 million km²); 4. Mauryan Empire (1.73 million km²); 5. Seleucid Kingdom (1.59 million km²).
What was the largest state in Europe in 100 BC?
Seleucid Kingdom, with about 1.59 million km².
What was the largest state in Asia in 100 BC?
Xiongnu, with about 3.24 million km².
What was the largest state in Africa in 100 BC?
Ptolemaic Kingdom, with about 610,000 km².
← Largest states in 200 BC · Largest states in 1 BC → · Largest empires in history · The world in 100 BC
Last updated 10 November 2026. Sources: border data from historical-basemaps, land and rivers from Natural Earth; texts written for Chronica Maps from standard reference works. How we make the maps.